Аннотация

Operating systems are an essential part of any computer system. Similarly, a course on operating systems is an essential part of any computer science edu-cation. This f i eld is undergoing rapid change, as computers are now prevalent in virtually every arena of day-to-day life—from embedded devices in auto-mobiles through the most sophisticated planning tools for governments and multinational f i rms. Yet the fundamental concepts remain fairly clear, and it is on these that we base this book.
We wrote this book as a text for an introductory course in operating sys-tems at the junior or senior undergraduate level or at the f i rst-year graduate level. We hope that practitioners will also f i nd it useful. It provides a clear description of the concepts that underlie operating systems. As prerequisites, we assume that the reader is familiar with basic data structures, computer organization,andahigh-levellanguage,suchasCorJava.Thehardwaretopics required for an understanding of operating systems are covered in Chapter 1.
Inthatchapter,wealsoincludeanoverviewofthefundamentaldatastructures that are prevalent in most operating systems. For code examples, we use pre-dominantly C, as well as a signif i cant amount of Java, but the reader can still understand the algorithms without a thorough knowledge of these languages.
Concepts are presented using intuitive descriptions. Important theoretical results are covered, but formal proofs are largely omitted. The bibliographical notes at the end of each chapter contain pointers to research papers in which results were f i rst presented and proved, as well as references to recent material forfurtherreading.Inplaceofproofs,f i guresandexamplesareusedtosuggest why we should expect the result in question to be true.
The fundamental concepts and algorithms covered in the book are often based on those used in both open-source and commercial operating systems.
Our aim is to present these concepts and algorithms in a general setting that is not tied to one particular operating system. However, we present a large number of examples that pertain to the most popular and the most innovative operating systems, including Linux, Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS(the original name,OS X, was changed in 2016 to match the naming scheme of other Apple products), and Solaris. We also include examples of both Android and iOS, currently the two dominant mobile operating systems.
The organization of the text ref l ects our many years of teaching courses on operating systems. Consideration was also given to the feedback provided by the reviewers of the text, along with the many comments and suggestions we received from readers of our previous editions and from our current and former students. This Tenth Edition also ref l ects most of the curriculum guide-lines in the operating-systems area in Computer Science Curricula 2013, the most recent curriculum guidelines for undergraduate degree programs in computer science published by theIEEE Computing Society and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).