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Seven were the leaders of the nightly bands, And each bold chief a hundred spears commands. The fires they light, to short repasts they fall, Some line the trench, and others man the wall.
The king of men, on public counsels bent, Convened the princes in his ample tent, Each seized a portion of the kingly feast, But stay'd his hand when thirst and hunger ceased.
Then Nestor spoke, for wisdom long approved, And slowly rising, thus the council moved. "Monarch of nations! whose superior sway Assembled states, and lords of earth obey,
The laws and sceptres to thy hand are given, And millions own the care of thee and Heaven. O king! the counsels of my age attend; With thee my cares begin, with thee must end.
Thee, prince! it fits alike to speak and hear, Pronounce with judgment, with regard give ear, To see no wholesome motion be withstood, And ratify the best for public good.
Nor, though a meaner give advice, repine, But follow it, and make the wisdom thine. Hear then a thought, not now conceived in haste, At once my present judgment and my past.
When from Pelides' tent you forced the maid, I first opposed, and faithful, durst dissuade; But bold of soul, when headlong fury fired, You wronged the man, by men and gods admired:
Now seek some means his fatal wrath to end, With prayers to move him, or with gifts to bend." To whom the king. "With justice hast thou shown A prince's faults, and I with reason own.
That happy man, whom Jove still honours most, Is more than armies, and himself a host. Bless'd in his love, this wondrous hero stands; Heaven fights his war, and humbles all our bands.
Fain would my heart, which err'd through frantic rage, The wrathful chief and angry gods assuage. If gifts immense his mighty soul can bow,[201] Hear, all ye Greeks, and witness what I vow.
Ten weighty talents of the purest gold, And twice ten vases of refulgent mould: Seven sacred tripods, whose unsullied frame Yet knows no office, nor has felt the flame;
Twelve steeds unmatch'd in fleetness and in force, And still victorious in the dusty course; (Rich were the man whose ample stores exceed The prizes purchased by their winged speed;)
Seven lovely captives of the Lesbian line, Skill'd in each art, unmatch'd in form divine, The same I chose for more than vulgar charms, When Lesbos sank beneath the hero's arms:
All these, to buy his friendship, shall be paid, And join'd with these the long–contested maid; With all her charms, Briseis I resign, And solemn swear those charms were never mine;
Untouch'd she stay'd, uninjured she removes, Pure from my arms, and guiltless of my loves,[202] These instant shall be his; and if the powers Give to our arms proud Ilion's hostile towers,
Then shall he store (when Greece the spoil divides) With gold and brass his loaded navy's sides: Besides, full twenty nymphs of Trojan race With copious love shall crown his warm embrace,
Such as himself will choose; who yield to none, Or yield to Helen's heavenly charms alone. Yet hear me further: when our wars are o'er, If safe we land on Argos' fruitful shore,
There shall he live my son, our honours share, And with Orestes' self divide my care. Yet more—three daughters in my court are bred, And each well worthy of a royal bed;
Laodice and Iphigenia fair,[203] And bright Chrysothemis with golden hair; Her let him choose whom most his eyes approve, I ask no presents, no reward for love:
Myself will give the dower; so vast a store As never father gave a child before. Seven ample cities shall confess his sway, Him Enope, and Pherae him obey,
Cardamyle with ample turrets crown'd, And sacred Pedasus for vines renown'd; Æpea fair, the pastures Hira yields, And rich Antheia with her flowery fields:[204]
The whole extent to Pylos' sandy plain, Along the verdant margin of the main There heifers graze, and labouring oxen toil; Bold are the men, and generous is the soil;
There shall he reign, with power and justice crown'd, And rule the tributary realms around. All this I give, his vengeance to control, And sure all this may move his mighty soul.
Pluto, the grisly god, who never spares, Who feels no mercy, and who hears no prayers, Lives dark and dreadful in deep hell's abodes, And mortals hate him, as the worst of gods Great though he be, it fits him to obey, Since more than his my years, and more my sway."

PLUTO.

The monarch thus. The reverend Nestor then: "Great Agamemnon! glorious king of men! Such are thy offers as a prince may take, And such as fits a generous king to make.
Let chosen delegates this hour be sent (Myself will name them) to Pelides' tent. Let Phoenix lead, revered for hoary age, Great Ajax next, and Ithacus the sage.
Yet more to sanctify the word you send, Let Hodius and Eurybates attend. Now pray to Jove to grant what Greece demands; Pray in deep silence,[205] and with purest hands."[206]

THE EMBASSY TO ACHILLES.

He said; and all approved. The heralds bring The cleansing water from the living spring. The youth with wine the sacred goblets crown'd, And large libations drench'd the sands around.
The rite perform'd, the chiefs their thirst allay, Then from the royal tent they take their way; Wise Nestor turns on each his careful eye, Forbids to offend, instructs them to apply;
Much he advised them all, Ulysses most, To deprecate the chief, and save the host. Through the still night they march, and hear the roar Of murmuring billows on the sounding shore.
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201

In the heroic times, it is not unfrequent for the king to receive presents to purchase freedom from his wrath, or immunity from his exactions. Such gifts gradually became regular, and formed the income of the German, (Tacit. Germ. Section 15) Persian, (Herodot. iii.89), and other kings. So, too, in the middle ages, 'The feudal aids are the beginning of taxation, of which they for a long time answered the purpose.' (Hallam, Middle Ages, ch. x. pt. 1, p. 189) This fact frees Achilles from the apparent charge of sordidness. Plato, however, (De Rep. vi. 4), says, "We cannot commend Phoenix, the tutor of Achilles, as if he spoke correctly, when counselling him to accept of presents and assist the Greeks, but, without presents, not to desist from his wrath, nor again, should we commend Achilles himself, or approve of his being so covetous as to receive presents from Agamemnon," etc.

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202

It may be observed, that, brief as is the mention of Briseis in the Iliad, and small the part she plays—what little is said is pre–eminently calculated to enhance her fitness to be the bride of Achilles. Purity, and retiring delicacy, are features well contrasted with the rough, but tender disposition of the hero.

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203

Laodice. Iphianassa, or Iphigenia, is not mentioned by Homer, among the daughters of Agamemnon.

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204

"Agamemnon, when he offers to transfer to Achilles seven towns inhabited by wealthy husbandmen, who would enrich their lord by presents and tribute, seems likewise to assume rather a property in them, than an authority over them. And the same thing may be intimated when it is said that Peleus bestowed a great people, the Dolopes of Phthia, on Phoenix."—Thirlwall's Greece, vol. i Section 6, p. 162, note.

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205

Pray in deep silence. Rather: "use well–omened words;" or, as Kennedy has explained it, "Abstain from expressions unsuitable to the solemnity of the occasion, which, by offending the god, might defeat the object of their supplications."

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206

Purest hands. This is one of the most ancient superstitions respecting prayer, and one founded as much in nature as in tradition.